This paper provides a comprehensive overview of CAES technologies, examining their fundamental principles, technological variants, application scenarios, and gas storage facilities. [2] The Huntorf plant was initially developed as a load balancer for fossil-fuel-generated electricity, but the global shift towards renewable energy renewed interest in. . What is supplementary combustion energy storage (CAES)? The operation characteristic of the CAES The traditional CAES,also known as supplementary combustion compressed air energy storage,has a complete operating process including energy storage and energy release,and the operating principle is. . The CAES technology consists of converting excess base load energy into stored pneumatic energy by means of a compressor for a later release through a gas turbine (turbo-expander) as premium peaking power.